Steps, skips, and perfect intervals moving upward.

The same core intervals, heard falling instead of rising.

Two notes at once — hear the blend, not the motion.

The two workhorse chord qualities, blocked and arpeggiated.

All four triad qualities, including the unstable ones.

Every interval, both directions, melodic and harmonic.

The three sevenths that carry most tonal music.

Same three notes, different note underneath them.