Lower five

C, D, E, G, and A in the bottom half of the staff.

Lower register · 5 notes: C4, D4, E4, G4, A4 · Key of C

Upper five

The same shape an octave up.

Upper register · 5 notes: C5, D5, E5, G5, A5 · Key of C

Both octaves

Jump between registers without losing the shape.

7 notes: C4, E4, G4, C5, E5, G5, A5 · Key of C

Spaces, lines, then both together to build reading confidence.

Master a full run of natural notes — one bar per letter, F to E.

Expand up and down the staff without ledger lines just yet.

Add the low C and prepare for presets and MusicXML patterns.

Introduce flats and alternative spellings across the staff.

Mix naturals and flats across treble with fluid motion.

Sharps join the game – ledger lines and speed increase.

Mix wide ledger lines with both sharps and flats.